Al-Futuhat al-Makkiyya is an encyclopedic work whose discussion ranges across Qur’an, prophetic tradition, law, cosmology and spiritual realization. Its chapters are neither a simple dictionary nor a linear textbook: concepts recur under different questions and with different emphases. Reading isolated sentences without chapter context can therefore misrepresent an argument.
How to study this subject
A work, a surviving manuscript, a printed edition and a translation are not interchangeable objects. Each introduces decisions about titles, variants, arrangement and wording. Modern manuscript research has established authenticated portions of the corpus alongside uncertain attributions. Digital linking should disclose these distinctions instead of concealing them.
A bibliographic record should separate the attested title, opening and closing words, manuscript shelfmark, copy date, modern edition and attribution assessment. A scanned page, searchable transcription and edition concordance serve different purposes. Before claiming that a passage matches another edition, compare the words and boundaries, not merely the page labels. Uncertain matches should remain explicitly provisional.
Different witnesses and printed editions can preserve different divisions, headings and readings. Note the exact edition, volume, chapter and page; when possible use the source image and the corresponding passage in Futmak.
Primary sources and further reading
These are contextual reading links, not exact passage-level citations.